Frankenstein an early form of science fiction? Essay

† Many individuals accept this was only a reason for Victor’s botches, yet I accept that it was Mary Shelley’s impact crawling into the storyline once more. Shelley was a sentimental; she went through her time on earth against the realities of the world, seeking after the close to inconceivable. She drove herself to the miracles of destiny, much like Victor is doing as of now in the book. He disclosed to himself that he had little control, and that destiny and puzzling miracles had him like a manikin on a string. Passing is in a manner the focal point of the story. All the more then 50% of the characters themselves kick the bucket, and the animal is made of dead issue. It is amazing that Mary Shelley would expound on death in the event that she was a sentimental. Is significantly all the more astonishing that she composed such a great amount about science! However, I think there is a potential connection that doesn't negate any of the realities or thought processes. On the off chance that Shelley needed to demonstrate how shocking science was, at that point what could convince individuals all the more then passing? I imagine that she composed the story to delineate what science could truly do to someone’s life. Though the â€Å"guardian angel† referenced in the story (which I believe is representative for the sentimental people Shelley cherished), could have spared their lives. The demise introduced can be gotten as though it were a repulsiveness story, and it incompletely is, however the measure of death and torment recommends something else. Despite the fact that the possibility of death is desperate, without it the book would be inconsequential and exhausting. Truth be told, in this circumstance, the demise makes life, the animal. â€Å"With a nervousness that nearly added up to distress, I gathered the instruments of life around me that I may implant a flash of being into the dormant thing that lay at my feet. † Victor’s explores different avenues regarding dead issue and power should likewise give an enormous contribution to the finishing up choice. It contains logical information, experience and language, and thusly enables the sci-fi to advance. Indeed, even the way that Victor talks sounds sufficiently logical to make you believe that it’s sci-fi. â€Å"I felt that on the off chance that I could offer liveliness to dead issue, I may in procedure of time reestablish life where demise had obviously dedicated the body to debasement. † Although in the film certain pieces of substance are lost and an embellishment of the power utilized is inputted, the frameworks, structure and primary plot remain. Furthermore, in the event that the film was characterized as a science fiction loathsomeness, at that point undeniably the book should likewise be respected with comparative benefits. There are such huge numbers of manners by which science is alluded to in the book that it is practically difficult to envision what number of there really are. In the event that Victor as the primary character is trying different things with science, at that point apparently the story is testing as well, bringing to the end that Frankenstein is a right on time from of sci-fi, based on the significance of sci-fi itself. Sci-fi itself is characterized as â€Å"a bit of anecdotal composing including a type of logical information or plot. † Therefore, hypothetically Frankenstein would fall into this classification. The main snag forestalling this is whether it ought to be something different, similar to gothic loathsomeness or even sentimental spine chiller. There are roughly equivalent measures of proof that would at long last group the novel. There are such a significant number of sorts it may be the case that it is amazingly hard to understand which one it would particularly fall into. The issue is how would we pick which one? In any case, one thing a great many people don't consider is the reason can’t something be more than a certain something? For a considerable length of time individuals have consolidated plans to spare time or only for it. Things like two out of one shampoos, or multi nutrient tablets or even TV programs. So what a few people concur upon in this circumstance is: the reason can’t Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein be three classifications folded up into one? All things considered, this article has discovered no motivation to propose why it shouldn’t be articulated sci-fi, and I am certain that there will be no real way to state how it isn't some other kind. On the off chance that we prohibited one sort from the portrayal, at that point it would not completely depict the book to its full demeanor. In any case, against whatever else and for responding to the first exposition question, I will consider it an early type of sci-fi, simply because there was not at all like it before it was composed, and in the event that it hadn’t been, there may not be a sci-fi at any rate. Show review just The above see is unformatted content This understudy composed bit of work is one of numerous that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley area.

International Relations Essays -- Literary Analysis, Realism, Neo-Real

The primary worldview of global relations is the hypothesis of Realism. Authenticity is centered around thoughts of personal responsibility and the level of influence. Authenticity is additionally partitioned into two classifications, old style authenticity and neo-authenticity. Well known political scholar, Hans Morgenthau was an old style pragmatist who accepted that national intrigue depended on three components, level of influence, military power, and personal circumstance (Kleinberg 2010, 32). He utilizes four degrees of investigation to assess the intensity of a state. The first is that force and impact are not generally something very similar. Impact implies the capacity to influence the choice of the individuals who have the ability to control results and force is the capacity to decide results. A case of impact and force would be the UN’s capacity to impact the activities of states inside the UN yet the state itself has the ability to decide how they act. Morgenthau g oes on to his next degree of examination where he clarifies the distinction in power and force in the global domain. Power is physical savagery, the utilization of military force yet power is far beyond that. An incredible state can control the activities of another state with the danger of power yet not really need to physical power. He accepted that the capacity to have control over another state basically with the danger of power was probably going to be the most significant component in investigation the intensity of as state (Kleinberg 2010, 33-34). Morgenthau goes onto his third technique for examination which is checking on a state’s usable and unusable force. The most mainstream case of this is the ownership of atomic weaponry. Atomic abilities and that danger of their utilization is a type of useable force for states like the US and Russia yet not for states with immature nu... ...th 2001). Roth contends that the idea of global purview is anything but another thought however was practiced by the US government in the 1970 after an airplane seizing. Likewise the atrocity courts set up after the finish of World War II practiced global purview. Actually the Geneva Convention expresses that is an individual paying little mind to their nationality ought to be brought under the watchful eye of the court of any state wherein that individual has submitted grave breaks of law and show. Roth expresses that the idea of worldwide purview is certainly not another one however that just as of late have states been happy to follow up on widespread locale and follow crooks of the universal network paying little mind to their expressing or force inside the global network. Roth puts stock in the capacity and authority of universal associations and organizations (Roth 2001). Universal Relations Essays - Literary Analysis, Realism, Neo-Real The primary worldview of global relations is the hypothesis of Realism. Authenticity is centered around thoughts of personal circumstance and the level of influence. Authenticity is additionally partitioned into two classifications, traditional authenticity and neo-authenticity. Well known political scholar, Hans Morgenthau was an old style pragmatist who accepted that national intrigue depended on three components, perceived leverage, military power, and personal responsibility (Kleinberg 2010, 32). He utilizes four degrees of investigation to assess the intensity of a state. The first is that force and impact are not generally something very similar. Impact implies the capacity to influence the choice of the individuals who have the ability to control results and force is the capacity to decide results. A case of impact and force would be the UN’s capacity to impact the activities of states inside the UN however the state itself has the ability to decide how they act. Morgen thau goes on to his next degree of examination where he clarifies the distinction in power and force in the worldwide domain. Power is physical viciousness, the utilization of military force however power is far beyond that. An amazing state can control the activities of another state with the danger of power yet not really need to physical power. He accepted that the capacity to have control over another state basically with the danger of power was probably going to be the most significant component in investigation the intensity of as state (Kleinberg 2010, 33-34). Morgenthau goes onto his third technique for investigation which is checking on a state’s usable and unusable force. The most well known case of this is the ownership of atomic weaponry. Atomic capacities and that danger of their utilization is a type of useable force for states like the US and Russia yet not for states with immature nu... ...th 2001). Roth contends that the idea of worldwide locale is definitely not another thought however was practiced by the US government in the 1970 after an airplane commandeering. Additionally the atrocity courts built up after the finish of World War II practiced universal locale. Truth be told the Geneva Convention expresses that is an individual paying little mind to their nationality ought to be brought under the watchful eye of the court of any state wherein that individual has submitted grave breaks of law and show. Roth expresses that the idea of global locale is certainly not another one yet that just lately have states been eager to follow up on all inclusive ward and follow crooks of the worldwide network paying little heed to their expressing or force inside the universal network. Roth has faith in the capacity and authority of global associations and organizations (Roth 2001).

Mkt360 Exam 2 Review Essay Example

Mkt360 Exam 2 Review Essay Audit Fall 2011 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Chapter 5 1. Does social adjustment necessitate that businessmen surrender their traditions when working abroad? Depends 2. What are Cultural Imperatives? Social Electives? Social Exclusives? Objectives: social relations, and so forth. Electives: discretionary traditions Exclusives: customs just for local people, you don't take part. 3. What is Edward T. Hall’s hypothesis of social setting and etymological correspondence? There are non verbal accents of correspondence that should be focused on. 4. How does correspondence contrast in high setting from low setting societies? Low setting data is express, with words conveying the aggregate of the message and composed conventional determinations. Grants are competency based. IN a high setting data is verifiable, including non verbal signs. Grants are trust/suggestion based. 5. What are Edward T. Hall’s quiet dialects? What is m-time? What is p-time? The quiet dialects are of time, space, things, kinship and understandings. M-time (Monochronic) †separate time into little units and are worried about speediness. Focus on solitary assignments one after another. Low setting P-Time (Polychronic) †synchronous event of numerous things. High setting 6. What is the distinction among pay off and blackmail? Pay off is the point at which the installment is offered deliberately to an authority to increase unlawful preferred position, while blackmail is the point at which an official concentrates installment from an individual under pressure for something which they are legally qualified for. 7. What is the distinction among grease and subornation? Oil manages little totals of cash, given to low-positioning authorities (which isn't disallowed in certain nations) while subornation manages enormous wholes of cash given to authorities (higher position) so as to submit illicit acts. . What does the U. S. Outside Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) prohibit and what does it permit? Restricts US organizations from participating in pay off of any sort in outside nations, anyway it allows grease. 9. What is the situation of the FCPA on the utilization of agent’s charges to encourage pay off? The utilization of agent’s char ges as delegates to offer incentives is restricted. Part 6 †The Political Environment 1. What is power? Under what conditions do countries surrender some portion of their sway? The force that a country needs to administer its kin and domain without obstruction all things considered. . What is extraterritoriality? Name 2 U. S. laws that are extraterritorial. At the point when a country makes its laws to apply outside of a region. Ex. Sherman Antitrust Act, IRS Tax Laws, Helms-Burton Act, Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. 3. What is the fundamental political condition Multi-National Corporations (MNC’s) need when working abroad? Consistency and dependability of government approaches. 4. What is Confiscation? Confiscation? Training? Appropriation: Taking endlessly; no installment. Confiscation: Take over the property however some repayment. We will compose a custom exposition test on Mkt360 Exam 2 Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Mkt360 Exam 2 Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Mkt360 Exam 2 Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Taming: move to national control. 5. When do nations use trade controls and how are they applied? At the point when a country faces deficiencies of outside trade as well as considerable measure of capital is leaving the nation. Numerous rates imposed over all developments of money to control exchange explicit wares and square repatriation of benefits. 6. What is a neighborhood content law? A specific level of the imported item should contain privately made parts. 7. What is an import permit and when do nations require them? Authorization to import an item. Required when attempting to constrain remote industry to buy more supplies inside the host nation and consequently make markets for neighborhood industry. 8. When do nations use value controls and how are they applied? Done to control swelling. Applied as an impediment on the greatest value you can charge on an item. 9. What kinds of items are more in danger politically in an outside nation? Those which are â€Å"politically sensitive† or seen to impact condition, trade rates, security, government assistance and wellbeing are dependent upon more discussion. 10. What are a portion of the methodologies that you can follow to reduce political hazard abroad? - Joint VenturesInvestment Base Expansion Control of Marketing and DistributionLicensing Planned Domestication*Political Payoffs 11. What offices give political-hazard protection to U. S. organizations working abroad? 1-Foreign Credit Insurance Association: guarantees against default hazard brought about by monetary, financial or political vulnerabilities. 2-Agency for International Development: restricted assurance on specific ventures and items. 3-Overseas Private Investment Corporation: gives hazard protection to organizations putting resources into less created nations. Section 7 †The International Legal Environment 1. What are the contrasts between the patent laws of the US and Japan? In the US patent assurance is to secure the designer, documenting is mystery, snappy and gives significant stretch of insurance; Japan licenses advantage society, open recording, long procedure with brief timeframe of assurance. 2. What sort of item valuing system was Wal-Mart not permitted to use in Germany? They couldn't utilize their Loss-pioneer evaluating on the grounds that valuing certain items beneath cost was resolved as dumping. 3. What is the law on numerous European nations on the utilization of relative publicizing? At the point when a business says an item is superior to their rivals. It isn't permitted. 4. What is the reason for Common Law? In what nations is it by and by utilized? Premise is custom, past practices, legitimate points of reference set by courts. Through translation of resolutions, legitimate enactment and past decisions. US, England, Canada, English impacted nations. 5. How is responsibility for property decided in Common Law? Possession is controlled by first to utilize. 6. What is the reason for Code Law? In what nations is it by and by utilized? Complete arrangement of composed standards or codes. Gap into 3 separate codes for different circumstances: Comercial/Code/Criminal. Found in dominant part of nations (70) 7. How is responsibility for property decided in Code Law? Proprietorship is controlled by first to enroll. 8. What is the premise of Islamic Law? In what nations is it by and by utilized? In light of translation of the Quran and the instructing of Muhammad. Strict obligations, commitments, common perspective, social conduct, monetary conduct. Found in 27 Islamic nations. 9. What is the reason for Socialist Law? Law is subordinate to monetary conditions. 10. What is International Law? There is no â€Å"international† law; The guidelines and rules that states and countries consider restricting unto themselves. 11. How is International Law made? Assortment of arrangements, shows, and understandings between countries that have, pretty much, the power of law. 12. What is the ISO and for what reason do its guidelines have the impact of International Law? Worldwide Organization for Standardization. ISO9000 quality administration. ISO14000 worried about condition the executives. 13. What sort of standard is the ISO producing for the WTO and for what reason is it required? 14. What is the distinction between a Patent, a Trademark, and a Copyright? Patent: an administration award of specific rights given to an innovator temporarily in return for the divulgence of the development. Trademark: that segment of a brand that is given legitimate security can't be replicated. Copyright: ensures the compositions of a creator against duplicating. 15. What is the universal Patent Protection System that covers the most nations? Secures developments and forestalls deal by others; streamline application strategies. 16. What Patent assurance does the Paris Union give? 1 year insurance to enroll in other part nations (US + 100 nations) 17. What Trademark assurance does the Paris Union give? a half year assurance to enlist in other part nations. 18. What does the Berne Convention of 1886 secure? Secures abstract and creative works of creators. What is the base copyright insurance it gives? Life +50 years anyway individuals may decide to give longer. What is the length of copyright insurance in the EU? In the USA? In the EU life +70 years. In the US Life+70 years for singular works. Life +75-95 years for corporate creation. 19. What is the WTO concurrence on TRIPs? What 2 licensed innovation insurance frameworks does it consolidate? Exchange Regulated Intellectual Property Rights. Spreads copyrights, licenses, trademarks, exchange privileged insights, modern structures, topographical indicia, and coordinated circuit formats. Incorporates licensed innovation pertection of Berne Convention Paris Union. 20. What is a â€Å"geographical indicia† and for what reason is it imperative to advertisers? The sign of a topographical cause of an item I. e. Champagne. Significant in light of the fact that it is a piece of the brand. 21. What does the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act restrict? Restricts pay off of any outside authority or individual who will impact an authority or gathering. 22. How does the Omnibus Trade Reconciliation Act change the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act? What 2 positive barriers does it permit? Alters to permit installment to assist â€Å"routine legislative action† 2 protections are the installment was legal under the law of the outside authorities nation and the installment was a sensible use legitimately identified with the advancement of items or administrations. 23. How does the Sherman Act influence mergers or acquisitions in outside nations? Disallows imposing business models or endeavors to corner the exercises of US organizations

Historical Paper Free Essays

Here is a paper on Historical Report on Race Historical Report on Race Nigel Faison ETH/125-Cultural Diversity June 24, 2012 Tiff Archie Axia College of the University Phoenix Historical Report on Race Dear, John Doe I am keeping in touch with you this letter to tell you a portion of the battles of African Americans since forever. It is my genuine expectation, that this encourages you to comprehend the individuals of my race better; moreover, I trust that it addresses any inquiries that you may have had. Since we are companions, I simply needed to give you some knowledge into my way of life. We will compose a custom exposition test on Chronicled Paper or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now My kin were brought to this nation in 1619, to work for white individuals, and by 1661, Virginia had sanctioned the absolute first slave law. â€Å"By 1776, the year the United States announced its autonomy from Great Britain, bondage was lawful in each state, and African Americans toiled as slaves all through the North just as the South. † (Social Probelms, Ch. 3, p. 65). From the earliest starting point, my kin were being exposed to an existence of subjugation. During the slave exchange African American families were routinely separated for benefit. Would you be able to envision the impact this had on the individuals, to have their families destroyed? African Americans needed to do whatever they were advised to do by their purported â€Å"masters† and on the off chance that they didn't as history lets us know, they were whipped, beaten, and even hanged. It was said that â€Å"African Americans were not so much individuals. † (Social Problems, Ch. 3, p. 65). This is the way a general public that should be edified seen other individuals. Afterward, after subjugation finished, African Americans kept on confronting bias and segregation in their regular day to day existences. African Americans were being denied their fundamental social equality and institutional segregation was the standard. African Americans were not permitted to go to class with whites, drink from a similar drinking fountains, remain at similar lodgings, eat at similar eateries, vote, and needed to surrender their seat to white individuals on the transport. Verification of this can be found in a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States. â€Å"In the 1857 Dred Scott case, the U. S. Preeminent Court expressed that slaves were not residents qualified for the rights and insurances of U. S. law. † This was sponsored up by isolation and Jim Crow laws. Social Problems, Ch. 3, p. 65). A portion of the political, social, and social issues and worries all through American history for African Americans were picking up our opportunity, social equality, and equity for our kin. Our kin had experienced so a lot and the battle to pick up these things would take years, even today, the i ssue of balance appears to in any case not be settled as reflected in the wages paid to African Americans. The middle compensation of White men is $52,273, for lady it is $40,219. The middle compensation of Black men is $40,219, for lady it is $32,829. What's more, it is said that the degree of instruction has nothing to do with the hole, in light of the fact that even at the â€Å"highest levels† it is as yet present. (Racial and Ethnic Groups, Ch. 3, p. 67). For what reason would we say we are paid such a great amount of less for playing out similar employments? I believe that separation must assume a job here, okay concur? John, as I referenced prior; subjection, isolation, and Jim Crow laws were instituted against African Americans. These laws were built up to prevent us from securing our social equality and took into account lawful oppression African Americans. Associations or gatherings that battled against these laws were, â€Å"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). † They battled these laws by having fights, exhibitions, political sorting out, and voter enlistment drives in the Civil Rights Movement (1950s and 1960s). The aftereffects of these activities were laws, for example, the Civil Rights Act (1964), Voting Rights Act (1965). http://nationalhumanitiescenter. organization/tserve/opportunity/1917beyond/expositions/crm. htm). What these laws accomplished, with one expansion, is the accompanying: â€Å"Civil Rights Act of 1964 (disallowing isolation in business and open facilities), the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (forbidding democratic prerequisites that kept African Americans from having a political voice), and the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (which pro hibited segregation in lodging). Together, these laws stopped most legitimate separation in broad daylight The most effective method to refer to Historical Paper, Papers

Vicarious Liability Concept, Robert Courtneys Case - 550 Words

Vicarious Liability: Concept, Robert Courtneys Case (Coursework Sample) Content: Title: Vicarious LiabilitySubjectLearnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameAffiliated instituteIntroductionIn day to day life, there are actions/activities which that are considered to be against the law. Under ordinary circumstances, when a person has an age defined in the state legal documents as the adult age, he/she is treated as independent and responsible for his/her actions. For instance, if an adult sibling is involved in a crime, his/her parents or next of kin cannot be held responsible for the actions. However, a scenario arises in which actions of a person can lead to another person been held responsible. In such scenarios, the person who is held liable for another personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s actions is considered to have a special relationship with the action doer. Such scenario is termed as vicarious liability.As explained by Paula Giliker (2010) in his book "Vicarious Liability in Tort," Vicarious liability doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t represent a tort as may be perceived by many, but a rule of responsibility whereby the defendant can be rendered liable for the offenses committed by another person. In this case for instance, offences committed by an employee can render employer liable, not for his own actions but the actions of the tortfeasor.Concept of vicarious liabilityVicarious liability operates on the concept that, the person held responsible for the actions of the tortfeasor played a role in the actions. It claims that, the persons have a special relationship (e.g. Parent à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ Son relationship) and therefore, the defendant could have used his/her authority over the tortfeasor to prevent to law violation. For instance, if a parent allowed a son drive out a car which later committed a crime, the parent can be held liable.Robert Courtneyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s caseIn this case, Robert Courtney who was the owner of a pharmacy was found to have been diluting the medication prescribed for people with cancer. Evidence was found that the medication samples which had been co llected from one of his clients were found to be diluted and thus the medication had a fraction of the expected medicinal content. He pleaded guilty and charged with several account, including responsibility for deaths which could have been prevented.Applicability of vicarious liabilityThe application of vicarious liability as leading to Robert Courtney being held responsible, do not seem to be direct. As defined under law circumstances, this law involves two people, whereby one person is held responsible and suffers consequences for actions of another person related in a way. However, Robert Courtney being an employer and employee at the same time in his own pharmacy, vicarious liability holds. He committed the crime while working as an employee for his firm, but he was still the employer and therefore held responsible.This scenario seems similar to the case of Valles v. Albert Einstein Medical Center, (Pa.Super. 2000), in which the doctor malpractice...

Brucellosis Disease in Buffalo The Main Clinical Symptoms - 1375 Words

Brucellosis Disease in Buffalo: The Main Clinical Symptoms (Research Paper Sample) Content: Brucellosis Disease in BuffaloNameInstitutionBrucellosis Disease in BuffalosBuffaloes have a typical use for milk, meat and work. Today there are over 170 million buffalos in the world with 2% in Egypt, 0.2% in Italy and 97% in Asia[1.Borghese, A. and M. Mazzi. Buffalo population and strategies in the world. Buffalo production and research 67: 1-39] Brucellosis is broadly prevalent in most important zoos in Middle East countries and Iraq. Several species belonging to Brucella genus are the cause of brucellosis. Brucellaabortus commonly affects Buffalos. The main characteristic factors for these bacteria are Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, and facultative intracellular Coccobacilli. Humans can guard themselves from the disease by avoiding the use of infected, unpasteurized animal Milk products.[. Songer JW and Post KW. Veterinary microbiology: Bacterial and fungal agents of animal diseases. Elsevier Saunders. 2005. pp: 125-133..] [. Al-Abdaly IBA. Infection of bru cellosis in Nineveh province with some biochemical aspects: PhD. Dissertation. Iraq: University of Mosul, 2005] [. Robinson, A. Guidelines for coordinated human and animal brucellosis surveillance: FAO Animal Production and Health Paper (2003)156, pp: 1-46).] [5.Carrera, I. A., M. J. L. Rodriguez, A. M. Saphina, A. L. Lafuente, and A. R. B.Sacristan. Probable transmission of brucellosis by breast milk. J Trop. Pediatrics (2006).52: 380-381] The main clinical symptoms of the disease in humans are body weakness, headaches, muscle and joint pain. Additional symptoms include hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, undulant fever, chills and night sweats .In animals the main characteristics of brucellosis infection are abortion, retained placenta, orchitis, decreased milk production and reduced survival of newborn. Infected animals also become carriers of the bacteria and start shedding the organisms by urine and milk. The main important point to note is that infected animals transmitte the disease to different animals by direct contact with tissue or their discharge and as a result from the ingestion of contaminated material.[.Young, E. J. (1983). "Human brucellosis." Review of Infectious Diseases 5(5): 821-842.] [. Borghese, A. and M. Mazzi. Buffalo population and strategies in the world. Buffalo production and research 67: 1-39] Iraq has considered Brucellosis one of the endemic diseases since 1937. Brucellosis has caused serious economic losses and reproductive problems such as abortion, stillbirth, placentiitis and low milk secretion.[. Al-Zahawi, S. Confirmation de l`existence de la Fie`vekandulante en. Iraq: Bull. Int. Hyg. Publ. 30: 1559-1562] [. OIE. Enzootic abortion of ewes: Ovine chlamydiosis In : Paris, France: OIE terrestrial manual, 2012;pp:1-9..] Brucella is an intracellular bacterium. The treatment for these bacteria is a big challenge. In addition, there is no effective treatment for brucellosis. Ox-tetracycline is the commonly used antibiotic.[10.Metcalf, H.E., Luchsinger, D.W., Ray, W.C., Brucellosis, in: Handbook of Zoonoses, Second Edition, Section A: Bacterial, Rickettsial, Chlamydia, and Mycotic Zoonoses. London, UK: CRC Press.1994. 9à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬39.] Study design:A cross sectional study with sampling was conducted to investigate Brucellosis disease potential risk factors for in buffalos in Northeast district of Badush in Mosul province. This was because buffalos were just easy to find in this area of Mosul province. According to the data obtained from Veterinary Hospital Center on Buffalo farmersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ list, there are currently 1500 Buffalo owners in Badush district. Data was collected from randomly selected 800 owners from 10 villages using a structured questionnaire. We had taken this number of farmers to increase the level of confidence on the research findings. I would like to investigate if there is a variation between all these factors flock size, Abortion history, contact with neighbor and purchasing of new animals fr om different owners.Observational studyCross sectional study was chosen because it is quick and cheap to do than other study such as cohort study. It is considered as the best study to determine the prevalence of the disease. It is also cheap and easy to obtain information from cross-sectional study. Cross- sectional study allows obtaining blood samples from population simultaneously. In cross- sectional study, we can select the animals randomly and divide them into various groups after selection.We can also study several factors at one time in cross- sectional study. However, we cannot determine the causes and effect because we did the collection at one time. In the cross- sectional study also, we cannot determine the outcome control programs. Therefore, some researchers recommended doing the Cohort study, which is responsible for these factors.They said cross-sectional study is less suitable for short-lived effects. We were suspecting that most buffalos suffered from brucellosis f or a long time as a chronic disease. We also needed to apply human and animal ethics.Sampling of animalsSterile vacationers collected 10mL samples. They then transported them to College of Veterinary Medicine in Mosul under 4ÂC. In the lab, each sample was given an identity number and serum was removed. Samples were tested with RBPT test and then the ELISA test was used to confirm seropositive animals. Seroprevalence was done to determine the prevalence of brucellosis. Infected herds were those who had at least two animals show positive results in both tests (RB and ELISA).Variable Level/category Disease Prevalence Odds Ratio Lower95% C.I Upper95% C.I +ve --Ve Flock size 10 21 179 10.50% 3.40 1.80% 6.42% 10-15 33 317 9.43% 3.02 1.70% 5.35% 15 27 223 10.80% 3.51 1.93% 6.39% Contact with neighbor yes 60 540 10.00% 3.22 1.92% 5.42% No 20 180 10.00% 3.22 1.70% 6.12% Abortion history yes 70 180 28.00% 11.28 6.68% 19.05% No 10 540 1.82% 0.54 0.25% 1.16% Purchasing Buffalo ye s 60 140 30.00%...

Fossil Fuels and Climate Change Essay - 1208 Words

In this paper, we focus on using fossil fuels causing climate change. Fossil fuels are fuels formed natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are the most widely used fuel and industrial chemicals in the world. Since industrial revolution, fossil fuels bring a very great quantity convenience and technological products. So we can use cars, planes and all modern products. But fossil fuels cause climate change at the same time. Greenhouse gas, nitrous oxides and a great deal of harmful gas which are from fossil fuels are causing serious environmental problems. Therefore we need to be concerned about the problems caused by fossil fuels and the solutions. From human entered industrial civilization era. Our human beings†¦show more content†¦Some nitrous oxides sulfur oxides lead to acid rain. It can have harmful effects on plants, animals and buildings. Oil spill in Gulf of Mexico this year caused ecological disaster. â€Å"An explosion occurred on the semi -submersible offshore drilling rig Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, killing 11 rig workers and injuring 17 others. On April 24, it was found that the wellhead was damaged and was leaking oil into the Gulf. This significant spill poses a serious threat to wildlife, affecting as many as 400 species along the coastal areas of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.† (Curry L. Hagerty, 2010) The number of fossil fuels is limited. Even they are enough now. Are they still enough in 50 years? So it is a time for our human beings to decide how to deal with the relationship with fossil fuels. When I am writing this essay, Jiangsu province is suffering from the most serious drought from last 50 years. Suzhou, a city should have been rainy. But I almost have not seen rain since I come to Suzhou. â€Å"Climate changes caused by human activities, most importantly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) and deforestation, are superimposed on, and to some exte nt masked by, natural fluctuations.†(Hamburg, S. et al, 1997) Due to these violent human activities, those kinds of extreme phenomena are becoming much more popular than before. Human burning countless fossil fuels recklessly lead to tooShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On Fossil Fuels1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe definition of climate change is â€Å"a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.† (Google Dictionary). Due to our dependence on fossil fuels as our main source for energy and our carbon dioxide emissions over decades, climate change has rapidly emerged on Earth. Yet, we still have those who deny any scientificRead MoreAnthropogenic Climate Change Through Technology, Fossil Fuels, And Emissions1728 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropogenic Climate Change Anthropogenic climate change alludes to the generation of greenhouse gasses radiated by human activities. By analyzing the polar ice centers, researchers are persuaded that human activity has expanded the extent of greenhouse gasses in the environment, which has soared in the course of the last few centuries. Thesis Statement To study how anthropogenic climate change through technology, fossil fuels, and emissions. Introduction Human beings have always been a highlyRead MoreIs Fossil Fuel Based Energy The Threat From Climate Change?1950 Words   |  8 PagesAs our society continues to use primarily fossil fuel based energy the threat from climate change is ever-growing. Never the less, denial of human influences of climate change is slowing efforts to stop it. As a result, we currently face a crisis where far from enough is being done to improve our energy system and mitigate the damage caused by a warming global climate. The development of the climate change issue to where it is today has been made up of two parts: greenhouse gas outputs and the politicalRead MoreClimate Change Is A Change Of Weather Patterns That Lasts For A Long Duration Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesClimate Change is a change of weather patterns that lasts for a long duration. Climate change can be caused by the ‘greenhouse effect’. Humans create greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, electricity production and more. These gases trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere and increase the earth’s overall temperature. This process is also called Global Warming which can cause more natural disasters like floods and droughts. Climate change is an existent global issue that started since 1880 whenRead MoreHuman Activity And Climate Change1141 Words   |  5 PagesAND CLIMATE CHANGE WILLIAM WRIGHT GRANTHAM UNIVERSITY In this paper I will discuss Human Activity and Climate Change. I will discuss different human activities that might affect climate change, things such as the burning of fossil fuels and how they might contribute to climate change. To begin I will discuss what the definition of climate change. Climate change is the change in the atmosphere by the amounts of carbon dioxide levels that come from using fossil fuels. ClimateRead MoreBiomass Essay1094 Words   |  5 Pagesconventional energy fossil fuels. The objectives of this review report is to evaluate the processes how briquettes are produced from agricultural wastes/residues and To compare the intensity of greenhouse gas emission using briquettes of agricultural wastes/residues with other forms of energy sources especially fossil fuels. Thus agricultural residue biomass energy available for climate change mitigation by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases emission from using fossil fuels and the pollutionsRead MoreThe Miscon ceptions Of Renewable Energy Vehicles1694 Words   |  7 Pagesthe next large advancement for society. The main reasoning for this, as a use for vehicles’ energy, is because many people believe that renewable energy is necessary to stop climate change. And these people believe this misconception because of green house gases, which are released from the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels create most of the world’s power, which leads to the creation of green house gas emissions, which is why they are usually considered to be â€Å"bad†. Emissions from vehicles are responsibleRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment1215 Words   |  5 Pagesburning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, increased the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, the clearing of land for agriculture, industry, and other human activities have increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, causing human induced climate change. Climate cha nge is an issue that has kit a peak on our planet and needs to be stopped. It is defined as a change in global or regional climate patterns, or a long term climate change in Earth’s climate. I proposeRead MoreHuman Activity Is Responsible For Our Current Warming Trend1598 Words   |  7 PagesThe biggest problem with climate change today is the debate on whether or not human activity is responsible for our current warming trend. According to Jonathon Schuldt (2014:219), around 99.7% of climatologists agree that man-made climate change is a reality, while only 40% of Americans believe that humans are the main driver. This is because we live in societies in which, thanks largely to the internet, everyone is free to express an opinion. On the issue of climate change, we have tons of sitesRead MoreFossil Fuels : An Essential Foundation1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe dawn of the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels have become an essential foundation in the innovative endeavors of mankind. Not only has it supported human advancement, but it is virtually ubiquitous in its use and its versatility provides for a strong mechanical prospect. Yet, these prehistoric sources of energy have lately been identified to be a major source of an onset against the well-being of the Earth. Because of the adverse effects of fossil fuels, the effort placed into the solutions

Key For Key, Pound For Pound, I m The Biggest Dope Dealer

â€Å"Key for key, pound for pound, I’m the biggest dope dealer, I serve all over town.† Imagine being on a jury of a drug related case and hearing these rap lyrics played as evidence. Would you immediately charge the defendant of drug distribution or would you consider his lyrics as a form of artistic expression? In the court system the disclosure of rap lyrics written by a defendant as evidence is an ongoing controversy that is becoming increasingly popular and accepted. Jurors face a difficult decision on the credibility of the lyrics and how to properly interpret them when used as criminal evidence. Is this really a confession from the defendant? Do the lyrics describe the defendant’s motivations, intentions, or conduct? The debate continues to distinguish the defendant’s words as artistic context or criminal intentions. There are many rap artists who create and use their true life experiences into lyrical form. There are also rap artists who express w hat they experience through the eyes of real criminals, but have never actually lived the life. When the court allows the admission of rap lyrics as evidence, this allows the prosecutor to use them in two ways. One way is as substantial evidence where they treat it as an admission of guilt or a confession. This will show the defendant’s knowledge of or intention to commit the crime. Another way is by the prosecutor wanting to portray an image of the defendant and connect them to the existing evidence basedShow MoreRelatedProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagesabout Wiley products, visit our Web site at www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Kerzner, Harold. Project management : case studies I Harold Kerzner. -- 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-471-75167-0 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 0-471-75167-7 (pbk.) 1. Project management-Case studies. I. Title. Printed in the United States of America Contents Preface xi 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 1 Lakes Automotive 3 Fems HealthcareRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesbetter study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student

Heavy Metal Music - 7270 Words

HEAVY METAL MUSIC WHAT IS HEAVY METAL MUSIC? Heavy metal (often referred to simply as metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in between 1968 and 1974 , largely in the United Kingdom and the United States.With roots inblues-rock and psychedelic rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are generally associated with masculinity and machismo. The first heavy metal bands such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple attracted large audiences, though they were often critically reviled, a status common throughout the history of the genre. In the†¦show more content†¦These rhythmic figures are usually performed with a staccato attack created by using a palm-muted technique on the rhythm guitar. Brief, abrupt, and detached rhythmic cells are joined into rhythmic phrases with a distinctive, often jerky texture. These phrases are used to create rhythmic accompaniment and melodic figures called riffs, which help to establish thematic hooks. Heavy metal songs also use longer rhythmic figures such as whole note- or dotted quarter note-length chords in slow-tempopower ballads. The tempos in early heavy metal music tended to be slow, even ponderous. By the late 1970s, however, metal bands were employing a wide variety of tempos. In the 2000s, metal tempos range from slow ballad tempos (quarter note = 60 beats per minute) to extremely fast blast beat tempos (quarter note= 350 beats per minute). An example of a rhythmic pattern used in heavy metal * Harmony One of the signatures of the genre is the guitar power chord. In technical terms, the power chord is relatively simple: it involves just one main interval, generally the perfect fifth, though an octave may be added as a doubling of the root. Although the perfect fifth interval is the most common basis for the power chord, power chords are also based on different intervals such as the minor third, major third, perfect fourth,Show MoreRelatedThe Psychology of Heavy Metal Music Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesDoes heavy metal music have effects on society? Many people love listening to this kind of music and they love going to concerts where these bands are playing. Going to concerts and listening to music is the whole part of the music industry. If fans did not go to concerts, then musicians would not be able to make money and be successful. Many people love listening to heavy metal music; however, some people think that it could lead to violence, depression, and self- loathing. There have beenRead MoreHeavy Metal Music: History and Misconceptions Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesHeavy Metal Music: History and Misconceptions Heavy metal music has been a source of social controversy since its early beginnings. It started out as a new age form of rock. Heavy metal brought a new look and sound to rock. The early heavy metal musicians decided to tune their guitars down, increase the tempo, play guitars and drums faster, and get a more grungy sound. The musicians also decided to wear tight, ripped, black clothing, chains, spikes, and combat boots. Most people did as anyone wouldRead MoreThe Strong Themes And Views Of Heavy Metal Music2475 Words   |  10 Pagesviews in heavy metal music, including but not limited to environmental, religious and political views have over decades, created a community and culture among listeners and musicians alike. Because of common ideas among artists, some of which could be seen as transgressive, all creativity within the culture is respected and praised no matter what sort of background it has come from. Visual art is a huge part of heavy metal as there are so many different subgenres of the music that a uniqueRead MoreEssay on The Culture of Heavy Metal Music Listeners Around the World:1870 Words   |  8 PagesPeople who listen to heavy metal music are often seen as a minority group in most cultures and countries, but is it possible that heavy metal music listeners have a distinct culture of their own that transcends the dividing lines of nations? This paper is intended to research and report the similarities between heavy metal listeners across the world. In order to do that I will be splitting the world up into four major categories for observation and research: 1. The United States 2. English speakingRead MoreThe Effects of Heavy Metal Music on Aggression2495 Words   |  10 PagesTHE EFFECTS OF HEAVY METAL MUSIC ON AGGRESSION IN COLLEGE STUDENTS Author: SHALEEN L. COSS Date: not stated Participants: The participants were collected by means of convenience sampling. The participants in the study were 40 undergraduate psychology students, all involved in Psychology Learning Communities at Loyola University New Orleans. The participants were mostly Caucasian with some African Americans, Hispanics and Asians. There were 3 male and 29 female participants, with a greater proportionRead MoreThe Music Of Guns N Roses 1218 Words   |  5 PagesGuns N’ Roses is a heavy metal band that helped the rise of heavy metal as the mainstream genre in the 1980’s. Their music has a unique sound with influences from heavy metal and hair metal/glam metal periods. One song that illustrates both of these musical influences is the song â€Å"Welcome to the Jungle† on the album â€Å"Appetite for Destruction†. The members of Guns N’ Roses got their start as a band in Los Angeles, California. At the time of their band rising to fame, America was still in the transitionRead MoreThe History Of Rock And Roll1028 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Heavy Metal† music Term paper 10/15/2015 Student: Robert Thoroughman MU1133 The History of Rock and Roll Instructor: Dr. Barry E. Kopetz Heavy Metal is a genre of music that is defined by Dictonary.com as an â€Å"aggressive and heavily amplified rock music, commonly performed by groups that wear spectacular or bizarre costumes†. Another definition listed is; â€Å"a type of rock music characterized by a strong beat and amplified instrumental effects, sometimes with violent, or nihilistic lyrics†Read MoreAnalysis Of Metallic Decades Of Metal Dominance1660 Words   |  7 PagesMetallica: Decades of Metal Dominance Thrash metal band Metallica has an expansive history of over thirty years. Trials and tribulations continuously impact the band however, they are always able to unify after tragedy. With each set back Metallica encounters; whether it is the loss of a band member or low album sales, a reinvention occurs within their music. Despite performing music for the masses, Metallica retains mysterious qualities. Band members have effectively kept their private lives outRead MoreA Headbanger s Roots1580 Words   |  7 Pagesmainstream music, I am hoping to give you some insight on a headbanger’s roots. With new metal bands popping up in local cities, it’s important to understand the history behind the genre. Like every other genre, heavy metal can be traced back to it’s roots, to the moment where everything changed and turned into something that will continue to affect people for years to come. It caused an uproar first in England, and then spread like wildfire to all four corners of the world. Heavy metal was a musicalRead MoreReview Of David M. Greenberg Et Al Divided People And Their Musical Choices814 Words   |  4 PagesYour Choice of Music Can Reveal Your Personality One’s taste in music is at the top of the list when it comes to topics that can cause a heater argument. Musical preferences are sacred to most people and we tend to divide into small tribes over music, considering the other tribes as less sophisticated. Interestingly, your music choices are not a random grouping – your tribe isn’t determined by where your friends go. Instead, your personality and the music you like are interlinked, both influencing

The Dod Developed The Cyber Strategy - 1072 Words

Case Study Description The DoD developed the cyber strategy with three primary missions in mind. The first mission is to defend DoD networks, systems, and information. Next is to defend the U.S. homeland and U.S. national interests against cyberattacks of significant consequence and finally to provide cyber support to military operational and contingency plans. To accomplish this mission, the Secretary of Defense and the current USCYBERCOM Commander acknowledges that the â€Å"DoD must develop its cyber forces and strengthen its cyber defense and cyber deterrence posture† (Special Report: Cyber Strategy, n.d.). With this in mind the DoD set the requirement to have all 133 of USCYBERCOM’s cyber teams achieve initial operating capability by the†¦show more content†¦In regards to policy and doctrine, the assessment would need to utilize three main documents, namely the Cyber Force Concept of Operations and Employment (CFCOE), the Joint Cyberspace Training and Cert ification Standards (JCTCS), and the Cyber Mission Force Joint Training and Readiness Manual (TR Manual). The CFCOE is a comprehensive, evolving, document defining CMF teams’ roles, functions, and operational processes. Next, the JCTCS defines the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for each cyber mission force work role (i.e., position). Lastly, the TR Manual stipulates the requirements to assess individual and team readiness using a common set of joint tasks, conditions, and standards for all cyber mission team positions (Department of Defense, 2014). Key stakeholders included Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), the Armed Services, the Joint Staff, the National Guard Bureau, USCYBERCOM. By developing a comprehensive assessment to evaluate the cyber team’s ability to meet full operational capacity, this project outcome would nest in the overall USCYBERCOM cyber strategy of developing cyber forces and strengthening the United States cyber defense and cyber deterrence posture while building cyber capabilities and organizations. Describes the project outcome The project was successful in the deliverance of the objectives outlined by the key stakeholders in accordance with theShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Quantum Dynamics Inc.841 Words   |  4 PagesQuantum Dynamics Inc. is a SBA Certified Woman-Owned Small Disadvantaged Business headquartered in Macon, GA with regional offices in McLean, VA, Fort Gordon, GA, Huntsville, AL, and Fayetteville, NC. Our core competencies are Cyber Security, Training, Information Technology, and Logistics. We have 15 years in business, are a successful graduate of the 8a program, and provide solutions that are innovative, efficient and resourceful. We find ways to achieve more with less; to consolidate while modernizing;Read MorePresident Reagan Signed Into Law A National Security Decision Directive1344 Words   |  6 PagesCongress to pass a bill, assigning the National Bureau of Standards (now NIST), under the Department of Commerce, responsibility for developing standards a nd guidelines for the security of Federal computer systems, drawing upon technical guidelines developed by the NSA when such guidelines are consistent with the requirements for protecting sensitive information. NSA took control of security of military classified networks and computers. 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To do this, the following will examine both sides of debate by highlighting two main points: the elimination of duplication of effort and the intensiveRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Defense1390 Words   |  6 PagesCentury defines homeland security as, â€Å"the protection of the territory, critical infrastructures, and citizens of the United States by Federal, State, and local government entities from the threat or use of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, cyber, or conventional weapon s by military or other means.† (2006, pg. 24). 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The success of an organization in defending its most valuable asset, data, depends on the proper implementation of several security practices. Ensuring that the â€Å"human aspect† of cyber security is addressed is vital, for the culture of an organization can greatly impact both the security posture and defense of information networks. This paper addresses the human aspects responsible for SCADA System vulnerabilities and provides a

Dissent from Puritanism free essay sample

During the early part of English colonization of the Americas the main group of people that were sent to the Americas was religious and political outcasts. This included Puritans, Quakers many other religions, debtors and political dissidents. The Puritans and Quakers came to the Americas in search of political freedom. The Puritans settled in the northeast region of the United States mainly in modern day Massachusetts. During their long nearly 4 month Journey across the Atlantic Ocean the boat goers grew close to each other because of the treacherous voyage. This caused theses people to group together and form towns with government based on their religion, Puritanism. Puritanism was one of the driving forces behind the formation of early successful northeastern towns and colonies in America. Many people who immigrated to the northeastern English colonies of the Americas had a strong dislike for Puritanism. Many believed the religion was too archaic in its beliefs and ways of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Dissent from Puritanism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of the animosity of non-puritans towards puritans and vice versa this caused the two peoples to form separate ettlements and very distinct cultures. Due to the differences in the cultures and the increase of immigration to New England the new settlers had to find new geographically suitable locations to start new settlements, therefore fully populating the entire New England colony. This gave New England a wide variety of culture, goods, natural resources and the capability to export large amounts of goods to the mother country for a profit. The non-puritans had settlements more based on economic ethics and systems that would financially help the settlement. Puritans had ettlements with more theocratic governments and more devotion to their religion. Although the governments of the two cultures were somewhat different they were also similar in many ways as well. Both governments were democratic. The puritans had a direct form of democracy where only white male land owners could vote. The problem with this is that once the colony started to fill it became harder and harder for young white men to find a piece of land suitable to settle on and start their families. With no land they had no say in their government as well. This drove many young Puritan Men to leave their theocratic settlements to seek other settlements where land owning was not necessary to have a say in government. This allowed puritans and non-puritans to culturally diffuse and further enrich the culture of New England. The non-puritan settlements had a representative or indirect form of democracy. These settlements followed a more English form of government. They also were mostly follows of the Anglican Church (the most common religion in England at the time). Because of the religious diversity in early New England and the abundance of natural resources (mostly large amounts of lumber) the colony was able to thrive. The religious acrimony between the puritans and non-puritans actually helped the English colony of New England reach its full economic potential by spreading out the population of the settlers. Many factors contributed to the formation of New England, but The objection of Puritanism and Puritanism itself was the paramount reason that New England did as well as it did and as early as it did. Dissent from Puritanism By halpin19

AIDS (880 words) Essay Example For Students

AIDS (880 words) Essay AIDSIn some parts of the world there are still wars being fought and dictators inpower. There are societies which consider themselves at the peak of evolutionand progress. They are able to create state of the art automobiles, luxurioushomes, efficient and organized industries, complex computerized machinery andatomic weapons. Many societies are governed by a democratic system which heralda belief in freedom. All societies, regardless of their political and economicmakeup, are also ruled by a special class of dictators; these dictators areunseen to the naked eye, and are invincible. These invisible tyrants aremicroorganisms. Underdeveloped countries, technologically advanced countries,and those in between are at the mercy of these microorganisms, which come inmany forms viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. The most dangerous of theseforms is the virus. Some viruses, such as the common flu, are considered to havea fairly detrimental capacity. The flu can incapacitate a human for se veralweeks with various symptoms such as bodily soreness, fever, bronchialcomplications, and even pneumonia. But while these conditions can be painful andfrightening, we are usually confident that proper medication and rest will takecare of the matter. However there is a much more severe and indiscriminatetyrant, with enormous corrupting influence, capable of infiltrating all ofcivilization. Scientifically, it is a submicroscopic pathogen consisting of aparticle of nucleic acid, enclosed in proteins, and able to replicate onlywithin a living cell. Socially, it is responsible for an enormous amount ofchaos and fear in the world today, and pronounces the human fault of ignorance. Can it be considered to be a modern plague? This complex and confusing king ofall tyrants is called Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV. HIV is a retrovirus. Retroviruses are commonly identified in many animal species, but HIV and itsvariants, such as HTLV I, HTLV II, HTLV III are among the rare retrovirusesfound in humans. It is transmitted through blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. HIV is a retrovirus of the Lentivirus group and is the etiologic agent ofAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS was first recognized as adisease syndrome in 1981; HIV was identified as its cause in 1984. AIDS is alife and death issue. To have the AIDS disease is at present a sentence of slowbut inevitable death. There currently is neither a cure, nor an effectivetreatment, and no vaccine either. But there are things that have been provenimmensely effective in slowing the spread of this hideously lethal disease. Scientist believe that the disease originated somewhere in Africa about 20 yearsago. HIV antibodies were found in serum drawn in parts of Africa in the early1970, leading many investigators to believe that the disease originated inAfrica, spreading to the Caribbean, and then to the United States. In Africa itfirst appeared as a mysterious ailment afflicting primarily heterosexuals ofboth sexes. It probably was spread especially fast by female prostitutes livingthere. AIDS has already become a crisis of staggering proportions in parts ofAfrica. In Zaire, it is estimated that over twenty percent of the adultscurrently carry the virus. That figure is increasing. On a global scale, theAIDS epidemic is rapidly expanding. Africa, which represents about 10 percent ofthe global population, now accounts for more than 60 percent of the total HIVinfections among adults worldwide. In comparison, North America and SouthAmerica combined account for less than 20 percent of the adult HIV infections. More than 90 percent of HIV infections in Africa are due to heterosexualtransmission. An AIDS epidemic is also emerging in Asia, where new HIVinfections increased by 80 percent in the last three years, and estimates fromthe World Health Organization (WHO) indicate that AIDS in Asia will causeunprecedented rates of infection and death. The major strain of HIV in the NorthAmerica, Europe, and central Africa is known as HIV-1. In western Africa, AIDSis also caused by HIV-2, a strain of HIV closely related to HIV-1. Otherdistantly related strains of HIV-1 have been identified in various areas of theworld. Although some of these strains cannot be detected using the currentblood-screening methods, there is little risk of spread to North America becauseof the geographic isolation of these viruses. Even in the case of HIV-2, spreadoutside Africa is rare. Only 18 cases of HIV-2 have been documented in theUnited States, and transmission in these cases was linked directly to westernAfrica. Curr ently, this invisible tyrant is so dominant that our basic values ofMake Love not War have been twisted into an anxious cry ofMake Love and Die. This disease is causing a great deal of pain andsorrow. We need to reason and evaluate the truth of the matter and to adapt to away of life in order to minimize further casualties. If we declare war on HIV,educate in preventing the spread of this disease, and avoid stigmatizing anddiscriminating based on misinformation, we are well on our way to at leastneutralizing HIV. Moral awareness should also be increased in an effort to havebetter use of the education we possess. This includes those in the medicalprofession. At this juncture, the chance to find a cure for retroviruses,especially the HIV virus, are less likely than it is for the virus to evolveinto a non-deadly form. Perhaps then it will come to be considered one of thelesser, invisible tyrants. Once again I ask Is AIDS a modern plague?I guess it remains to be seen.

Othello- Iago Essays - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio, Emilia

Othello- Iago As villain in Shakespeare's play Othello, Iago has two main actions. They are to plot and to deceive. Iago hates Othello for two reasons. He believes that Othello made love to his wife, and Iago is mad that Cassio was chosen to be Lieutenant instead of himself. From this hate comes the main conflict of the play. Iago plans to ruin Othello by carrying out a plan based on lies and deceit. This plan will make Iago the only person that Othello believes he can trust, and Iago will use this trust to manipulate Othello. First, Iago plans to remove Cassio from his position as lieutenant so that he himself take over Cassio's position as confidant and Lieutenant to Othello. Then Iago hopes to convince Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. If Iago's plan unfolds properly, he will be granted the revenge that he believes he deserves. Iago's plan and his motives are disclosed through a series three of conversations. He speaks with Roderigo twice and Cassio once. These three conversations show how Iago manipulates others to gain his own ends, and they also give motives for Iago's behavior. The conversations all follow the same pattern. Iago first speaks with Roderigo and Cassio to forward his plan, and then Iago has a soliloquy in which he discusses his motives. Iago states that the reasons for his hate are that Othello slept with Emilia and Cassio was chosen to be Othello's Lieutenant. However, Iago's actions lead to ends that do not revenge his given motives. Coleridge calls Iago's actions the motive-hunting of a motiveless malignity . In other words, Iago's only reason for destroying Othello is that Iago is an inherently bad person. The conversations that Iago has with Roderigo and Cassio show that Iago invents reasons for his actions against Othello, so that his own selfish ends can be met. Iago's first dialog with Roderigo serves as an introduction to Iago's plan. In this scene the reader learns that Roderigo is in love with Desdemona, because he threatens to drown himself when he learns that Othello and Desdemona are engaged. Uses Roderigo's weakness to help him remove Cassio from his lieutenant position. Iago tells Roderigo to put money in thy purse (333) . Iago believes that Othello and Desdemona will not be together for a very long time since Othello is a Moor and Desdemona is an aristocrat. Iago urges Roderigo to earn money now so that he can be an eligible suitor when Desdemona is looking for another husband. This conversation and the soliloquy following it introduce the two different sides of Iago. Iago tells Roderigo what he wants to hear in order to enlist his help. However, in the following soliloquy the reader is introduced to what Iago really has planned. He states that he would never associate with someone like Roderigo except to gain his own ends. Thus do I ever make my fool my purse--/ For I mine own gained knowledge should profane/ If I would time expand with such a snipe/ But for my sport and profit (365-368). Iago feels that Roderigo is a foolish man who exists only for Iago's use or sport. This idea a strengthened by the word snipe. The Arden Shakespeare defines snipe as fool (p. 159) and states that the word meant gull or dupe (p. 159) before Shakespeare. These definitions emphasize the fact that Iago feels no respect for Roderigo and is manipulating Roderigo only to further his plan. In the same speech, Iago's real plan is revealed only to the audience. Iago wants to convince Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are in love. They are the two people that Othello trusts, and if Othello believes that they have turned on him, this will lead to his downfall. Iago plans to tell Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. Cassio is a ladies man, and Iago believes that Cassio's charm makes women fall in love with him. Iago will make the innocent flirtations of Cassio and Desdemona seem like secret love to Othello. After some time to abuse Othello's ears/ That he is too familiar with his wife/ He hath a person and a smooth dispose/

Free Sample of College Essay

Free Sample of College EssayStudents who have taken an introductory course in college literature are in the fortunate position of knowing that there is a free sample of college essay. This allows them to see what a professor has written about in class and gives them the opportunity to make changes to make their work more interesting.The essay itself is fairly long. Students may make changes to make it shorter, or they may take longer with it if they choose to do so. It can be very educational and a great tool for students to use when they go back to their professors to critique their work.It is important to note that an essay often does not provide enough extra space to cover more than one point. This is because writing is a two-person job. Students write one part and the instructor analyze the other half.Many essay samples are not particularly lengthy or even overly long. Often, the goal is to teach the students what to write and not how to write. They may be rather short but that d oes not mean that they are any less enjoyable to read. Many examples are also quite informative as the student goes over them, but others are very long and provide detailed explanations for one particular topic.If the student finds one of these essay samples interesting, they can then copy the wording as much as possible. They will not be able to use every word, but they can go over each section and use as many of the wordings as possible. The instructor will want to see how well the students are able to organize their thoughts and how well they follow the paragraphs, or sections, of the essay.There are many types of essay samples and it can be difficult to choose one. A student who is studying for an exam will most likely not want to rewrite a long essay, so the freesample can make it easy for them to study for that section. For another student, a short essay could be just what they need to make sure that they don't forget all of the details that they have to learn.After the studen t copies the wording and puts it all together in order, they can start making changes to their own work. This may be necessary, such as deleting a single word that they don't like or correcting grammar and punctuation. They can always ask the instructor for help in editing the essay.Students should not be afraid to copy the essay and ask someone else to copy it again. Those who can remember the exact wording are likely to remember it the next time they see it. Students should also try to make their essay as lively and interesting as possible, but do not go overboard or you could find yourself with a poorly written essay. The free sample is a great way to see the various ways to structure an essay and should be used by students to get ideas and practice writing for essays that will be used in college.

Mcworld essays

Mcworld essays In Jihad vs. McWorld, Benjamin Barber discusses the two opposing forces that are pushing on globalization of the worlds markets. The Jihad describes the fundamentalists that by trying to regain their identity are tearing apart the ties that the McWorld is creating by bringing the world together with globalization. It would seem that places around the world would be either Jihad or McWorld, but this is far from the case. Fundamentalists preach about the horrors of becoming a global community while at the same time watching television shows and movies, wearing clothes, and eating foods that have been brought to them by the horrible McWorld. One wonders where Jihad would be if it were not for McWorld and vice versa. If it were not for McWorld, there would be no reason for fundamentalists to seek such drastic means to try to regain their identities. Without the intrusion of such things as McDonalds, KFC, Nike, etc. the identities of these fundamentalists would not be compromised. As each nations borders are becoming less and less significant, the Jihad feels it must retrace those borders in order to keep some sort of individuality. Those involved in the Jihad feel that they have a duty to protect their type of life by all means necessary. The Jihad is aware that one thing that feeds McWorlds success is the peaceful marketplace. By making the ever-growing marketplace riddled with fear and unrest, the Jihad is slowing the extraordinary growth of McWorld. While this destructive instinct is strong within the Jihad, the constructive instinct is even stronger in the McWorld. As the Jihad strives to keep the McWorld out, the nature of McWorld is to bring itself into every part of the world in or der to maximize the thing that it holds dearest, money. The McWorld sees every corner of the world as an untapped marketplace. McWorld knows that all people in the world do not need to drink Coca-Cola, wear Nike s...

House (Tv Series) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

House (Tv Series) - Essay Example According to the research "House (Tv series)" findings, â€Å"House† is a medical TV series that does not just give a glimpse of the daily activities of doctors in the hospital but also gives a lot of information about diseases. It is an interesting material that can be used by medical students because the series can really serve as strong motivations to know the facts and not just rely on what is seen on TV. Of course, for the laypeople who view the episodes, they will definitely be in awe of the stories but when one really digs deeper into the diseases presented, mistakes will be discovered and this will serve as a material that encourages research or the like. In addition, the stories also delve into the personal lives of the characters involved. The series perhaps tries to show how normally doctors live and not idolize them thinking only of the prestige and salary they enjoy. Behind the wonderful image, people see doctors being, there are so many difficulties that they als o struggle with. They have their relationship problems to deal with but they try as much as they can to serve in the hospital in the most professional way. Moreover, there were times that the doctors were emotionally affected by the death of their patients. One example of which is the story of a patient in season 6 episode 21, who was trapped in an accident area and has to have her leg amputated so she can be moved out of the debris. Unfortunately, the patient dies from a fat embolism. This affected Dr. House so much that he turned to his drug addiction.

Equality, Diversity and Difference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Equality, Diversity and Difference - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaims that, â€Å"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.† However, as this definition does not relate to any law, various nations across the globe have put a legal standpoint to the definition of equality. ‘Equality’ (or ‘equal’) signifies correspondence between a group of different objects, persons, processes or circumstances that have the same qualities in at least one respect, but not all respects, i.e., regarding one specific feature, with differences in other features. Therefore, striving to achieve equality is generally defined as â€Å"the incorporation of Equal Opportunities issues into all actions, programmes, and policies from the outset†. As equality has been a cause of global concern, the new age government keep this aspect in mind each time when they consider a new policy or a law. When we look back historically, we know that human beings have always had the tendency to dominate over the weak. This resulted in the creation of a social structure where some sections became the privileged and other sections were considered less-equality. This craving for power and dominance started contributing to a society where inequality started existing. For example, areas of residences of various groups were demarcated. The affluent and dominating section of the society tried to ensure that the laymen do not live near to their places of residence To clarify further, we can also define equality in terms of non-discrimination. Equality means the absence of discrimination, and upholding the principle of non-discrimination between groups will produce equality. Therefore, discrimination can be defined as any act that denies equality that an individual or a group wishes for. It is widely accepted that equality and non-discrimination are positive and negative statements of the same principle.

Organic solar cells Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organic solar cells - Essay Example Solar energy is a potential alternative to the production of energy with petroleum. The present solar-cell technology’s energy yield is often not the same and mass-production proves expensive. There is incomplete information of the solar energy production’s total effect on environment. A research team at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) carried out one of the first assessments of the life-cycle of organic solar cells in an attempt to develop a better understanding of the detriments and environmental benefits of solar power. The research was directed at the calculation of total use of energy and impact of material collection, production, fabrication, and use of organic solar cells on the environment by means of a detailed assessment of the technology. As a result of this research, it was found that the total amount of energy needed to make a product is more for the conventional inorganic devices in comparison to the organic solar cells. The assistant professor of chemical engineering, Brian Landi, who has served as a faculty advisor in this research project at RIT says, â€Å"This analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of how much energy it takes to manufacture an organic solar cell, which has a significant impact on both the cost and environmental impact of the technology† (Landi cited in Dube). Organic solar cells are considered to be low-cost as well as potentially benign power sources environmentally. The components of organic solar cells that play the role of absorbing light and taking the charge i.e. Ï€-Conjugated (semiconducting) polymers cannot be made in the laboratories in amenable ways to the manufacturing with low impact on the environment. Organic solar cells are lightweight and flexible. Their tendency to provide the cost effective solution processing generates a range of benefits for manufacturing over the technologies of the

Essay --

Before 1951, the capability of growing cells resulting from animal tissue remained indefinable. The cells would die before they could reproduce for research. This changed in 1951 when a woman by the name of Henrietta Lacks was biopsied because of a tumor. She later passed away due to her cancer. The cells were taken from her cervical cancer cells and now thrive on their own. While the cells of Henrietta Lacks became commercialized, the Lacks family was forced to live without healthcare. They lived their lives in poverty. Henrietta Lacks' story is about her involvement to medical research. The problem with all of this is she never gave the doctor permission to take her cells. Doctor George Otto Gey took them from her cervix. She then died from her cancer. I believe this was wrong; you should have the right to know if a doctor took a part of your body. Henrietta’s family didn’t find out about what Gey had done for a while after it happened. I think they deserve some compensation for the HeLa cells; they lived in poverty, even though Henrietta’s cells were making so many advances in science. They shouldn’t be given all of the profit because they were not doing any of the work to make the advances, but a little something should be given in honor of the doctor taking the cells. There has also been a theory for racial minorities. Henrietta Lacks was black and some people believed that what had happened to her may have happened to many other people. If doctors took samples of her body, they would probably do it to anyone else. In the '50s I don’t think they were necessarily doing it because she was black, they did it to everyone, black or white. In the 70s, when scientists went back to her children to do research on them. That's the ... ...ical cancer caused by this virus. Studying her cells allowed them to see how this virus led to cancer and found that the virus inserts DNA into the host. Through this knowledge they were able to create a vaccine that blocks the HPV DNA. This is a prevention method. Polio is a viral disease that affects the nerves, it leads to possible paralysis. HeLa cells led to a vaccine that is about 90% effective. Henrietta went to johns Hopkins and today polio is a rare disease. It is all thanks to the cells of Henrietta. Due to a tragic mistake made while mixing HeLa cells in research, scientists were able to finally get a count of how many chromosomes human cells were supposed to contain. This mistake allowed chromosomes to swell and be clearly visible compared to the clumped appearance they normally have. Using this scientists were able to start diagnosing genetic disorders.

Bag of Bones CHAPTER SEVEN

The little girl actually she wasn't much more than a baby-came walking up the middle of Route 68, dressed in a red bathing suit, yellow plastic flip-flops, and a Boston Red Sox baseball cap turned around backward. I had just driven past the Lakeview General Store and Dickie Brooks's All-Purpose Garage, and the speed limit there drops from fifty-five to thirty-five. Thank God I was obeying it that day, otherwise I might have killed her. It was my first day back. I'd gotten up late and spent most of the morning walking in the woods which run along the lakeshore, seeing what was the same and what had changed. The water looked a little lower and there were fewer boats than I would have expected, especially on summer's biggest holiday, but otherwise I might never have been away. I even seemed to be slapping at the same bugs. Around eleven my stomach alerted me to the fact that I'd skipped breakfast. I decided a trip to the Village Cafe was in order. The restaurant at Warrington's was trendier by far, but I'd be stared at there. The Village Cafe would be better if it was still doing business. Buddy Jellison was an ill-tempered fuck, but he had always been the best fry-cook in western Maine and what my stomach wanted was a big greasy Villageburger. Now this little girl, walking straight up the white line and looking like a majorette leading an invisible parade. At thirty-five miles per hour I saw her in plenty of time, but this road was busy in the summer, and very few people bothered creeping through the reduced-speed zone. There were only a dozen Castle County police cruisers, after all, and not many of them bothered with the TR unless they were specifically called there. I pulled over to the shoulder, put the Chevy in PARK, and was out before the dust had even begun to settle. The day was muggy and close and still, the clouds seeming low enough to touch. The kid a little blondie with a snub nose and scabbed knees stood on the white line as if it were a tightrope and watched me approach with no more fear than a fawn. ‘Hi,' she said. ‘I go beach. Mummy ‘on't take me and I'm mad as hell.' She stamped her foot to show she knew as well as anybody what mad as hell was all about. Three or four was my guess. Well-spoken in her fashion and cute as hell, but still no more than three or four. ‘Well, the beach is a good place to go on the Fourth, all right,' I said, ‘but ‘ ‘Fourth of July and fireworks too,' she agreed, making ‘too' sound exotic and sweet, like a word in Vietnamese. ‘ but if you try to walk there on the highway, you're more apt to wind up in Castle Rock Hospital.' I decided I wasn't going to stand there playing Mister Rogers with her in the middle of Route 68, not with a curve only fifty yards to the south and a car apt to come wheeling around it at sixty miles an hour at any time. I could hear a motor, actually, and it was revving hard. I picked the kid up and carried her over to where my car was idling, and although she seemed perfectly content to be carried and not frightened a bit, I felt like Chester the Molester the second I had my arm locked under her bottom. I was very aware that anyone sitting around in the combined office and waiting room of Brooksie's Garage could look out and see me. This is one of the strange midlife realities of my generation: we can't touch a child who isn't our own without fearing others will see something lecherous in our touching . . . or without thinking, way down deep in the sewers of our psyches, that there probably is something lecherous in it. I got her out of the road, though. I did that much. Let the Marching Mothers of Western Maine come after me and do their worst. ‘You take me beach?' the little girl asked. She was bright-eyed, smiling. I figured that she'd probably be pregnant by the time she was twelve, especially given the cool way she was wearing her baseball cap. ‘Got your suitie?' ‘Actually I think I left my suitie at home. Don't you hate that? Honey, where's your mom?' As if in direct answer to my question, the car I'd heard came busting out of a road on the near side of the curve. It was a Jeep Scout with mud splashed high up on both sides. The motor was growling like something up a tree and pissed off about it. A woman's head was poked out the side window. Little curie's mom must have been too scared to sit down; she was driving in a mad crouch, and if a car had been coming around that particular curve in Route 68 when she pulled out, my friend in the red bathing suit would likely have become an orphan on the spot. The Scout fishtailed, the head dropped back down inside the cab, and there was a grinding as the driver upshifted, trying to take her old heap from zero to sixty in maybe nine seconds. If pure terror could have done the job, I'm sure she would have succeeded. ‘That's Mattie,' the girl in the bathing suit said. ‘I'm mad at her. I'm running away to have a Fourth at the beach. If she's mad I go to my white nana.' I had no idea what she was talking about, but it did cross my mind that Miss Bosox of 1998 could have her Fourth at the beach; I would settle for a fifth of something whole-grain at home. Meanwhile, I was waving the arm not under the kid's butt back and forth over my head, and hard enough to blow around wisps of the girl's fine blonde hair. ‘Hey!' I shouted. ‘Hey, lady! I got her!' The Scout sped by, still accelerating and still sounding pissed off about it. The exhaust was blowing clouds of blue smoke. There was a further hideous grinding from the Scout's old transmission. It was like some crazy version of Let's Make a Deal.' ‘Mattie, you've succeeded in getting into second gear would you like to quit and take the Maytag washer, or do you want to try for third?' I did the only thing I could think of, which was to step out onto the road, turn toward the Jeep, which was now speeding away from me (the smell of the oil was thick and acrid), and hold the kid up high over my head, hoping Mattie would see us in her rearview mirror. I no longer felt like Chester the Molester; now I felt like a cruel auctioneer in a Disney cartoon, offering the cutest li'l piglet in the litter to the highest bidder. It worked, though. The Scout's mudcaked taillights came on and there was a demonic howling as the badly used brakes locked. Right in front of Brooksie's, this was. If there were any old-timers in for a good Fourth of July gossip, they would now have plenty to gossip about. I thought they would especially enjoy the part where Mom screamed at me to unhand her baby. When you return to your summer home after a long absence, it's always nice to get off on the right foot. The backup lights flared and the Jeep began reversing down the road at a good twenty miles an hour. Now the transmission sounded not pissed off but panicky please, it was saying, please stop, you're killing me. The Scout's rear end wagged from side to side like the tail of a happy dog. I watched it coming at me, hypnotized now in the northbound lane, now across the white line and into the southbound lane, now overcorrecting so that the left-hand tires spumed dust off the shoulder. ‘Mattie go fast,' my new girlfriend said in a conversational, isn't-this-interesting voice. She had one arm slung around my neck; we were chums, by God. But what the kid said woke me up. Mattie go fast, all right, too fast. Mattie would, more likely than not, clean out the rear end of my Chevrolet. And if I just stood here, Baby Snooks and I were apt to end up as toothpaste between the two vehicles. I backed the length of my car, keeping my eyes fixed on the Jeep and yelling, ‘Slow down, Mattie! Slow down!' Cutie-pie liked that. ‘S'yo down!' she yelled, starting to laugh. ‘S'yo down, you old Mattie, s'yo down!' The brakes screamed in fresh agony. The Jeep took one last walloping, unhappy jerk backward as Mattie stopped without benefit of the clutch. That final lunge took the Scout's rear bumper so close to the rear bumper of my Chevy that you could have bridged the gap with a cigarette. The smell of oil in the air was huge and furry. The kid was waving a hand in front of her face and coughing theatrically. The driver's door flew open; Mattie Devore flew out like a circus acrobat shot from a cannon, if you can imagine a circus acrobat dressed in old paisley shorts and a cotton smock top. My first thought was that the little girl's big sister had been babysitting her, that Mattie and Mummy were two different people. I knew that little kids often spend a period of their development calling their parents by their first names, but this pale-cheeked blonde girl looked all of twelve, fourteen at the outside. I decided her mad handling of the Scout hadn't been terror for her child (or not just terror) but total automotive inexperience. There was something else, too, okay? Another assumption that I made. The muddy four-wheel-drive, the baggy paisley shorts, the smock that all but screamed Kmart, the long yellow hair held back with those little red elastics, and most of all the inattention that allows the three-year-old in your care to go wandering off in the first place . . . all those things said trailer-trash to me. I know how that sounds, but I had some basis for it. Also, I'm Irish, goddammit. My ancestors were trailer-trash when the trailers were still horse-drawn caravans. ‘Stinky-phew!' the little girl said, still waving a pudgy hand at the air in front of her face. ‘Scoutie stink!' Where Scoutie's bathing suitie? I thought, and then my new girlfriend was snatched out of my arms. Now that she was closer, my idea that Mattie was the bathing beauty's sister took a hit. Mattie wouldn't be middle-aged until well into the next century, but she wasn't twelve or fourteen, either. I now guessed twenty, maybe a year younger. When she snatched the baby away, I saw the wedding ring on her left hand. I also saw the dark circles under her eyes, gray skin dusting to purple. She was young, but I thought it was a mother's terror and exhaustion I was looking at. I expected her to swat the tot, because that's how trailer-trash moms react to being tired and scared. When she did, I would stop her, one way or another distract her into turning her anger on me, if that was what it took. There was nothing very noble in this, I should add; all I really wanted to do was to postpone the fanny-whacking, shoulder-shaking, and in-your-face shouting to a time and place where I wouldn't have to watch it. It was my first day back in town; I didn't want to spend any of it watching an inattentive slut abuse her child. Instead of shaking her and shouting ‘Where did you think you were going, you little bitch?' Mattie first hugged the child (who hugged back enthusiastically, showing absolutely no sign of fear) and then covered her face with kisses. ‘Why did you do that?' she cried. ‘What was in your head? When I couldn't find you, I died.' Mattie burst into tears. The child in the bathing suit looked at her with an expression of surprise so big and complete it would have been comical under other circumstances. Then her own face crumpled up. I stood back, watched them crying and hugging, and felt ashamed of my preconceptions. A car went by and slowed down. An elderly couple Ma and Pa Kettle on their way to the store for that holiday box of Grape-Nuts gawked out. I gave them an impatient wave with both hands, the kind that says what are you staring at, go on, put an egg in your shoe and beat it. They sped up, but I didn't see an out-of-state license plate, as I'd hoped I might. This version of Ma and Pa were locals, and the story would be fleeting its rounds soon enough: Mattie the teenage bride and her little bundle of joy (said bundle undoubtedly conceived in the back seat of a car or the bed of a pickup truck some months before the legitimizing ceremony), bawling their eyes out at the side of the road. With a stranger. No, not exactly a stranger. Mike Noonan, the writer fella from upstate. ‘I wanted to go to the beach and suh-suh-swim!' the little girl wept, and now it was ‘swim' that sounded exotic the Vietnamese word for ‘ecstasy,' perhaps. ‘I said I'd take you this afternoon.' Mattie was still sniffing, but getting herself under control. ‘Don't do that again, little guy, please don't you ever do that again, Mommy was so scared.' ‘I won't,' the kid said ‘I really won't.' Still crying, she hugged the older girl tight, laying her head against the side of Mattie's neck. Her baseball cap fell off. I picked it up, beginning to feel very much like an outsider here. I poked the blue-and-red cap at Mattie's hand until her fingers closed on it. I decided I also felt pretty good about the way things had turned out, and maybe I had a right to. I've presented the incident as if it was amusing, and it was, but it was the sort of amusing you never see until later. When it was happening, it was terrifying. Suppose there had been a truck coming from the other direction? Coming around that curve, and coming too fast? A vehicle did come around it, a pickup of the type no tourist ever drives. Two more locals gawked their way by. ‘Ma'am?' I said. ‘Mattie? I think I'd better get going. Glad your little girl is all right.' The minute it was out, I felt an almost irresistible urge to laugh. I could picture me drawling this speech to Mattie (a name that belonged in a movie like Unforgiven or True Grit if any name ever did) with my thumbs hooked into the belt of my chaps and my Stetson pushed back to reveal my noble brow. I felt an insane urge to add, ‘You're right purty, ma'am, ain't you the new schoolteacher?' She turned to me and I saw that she was right purty. Even with circles under her eyes and her blonde hair sticking off in gobs to either side of her head. And I thought she was doing okay for a girl probably not yet old enough to buy a drink in a bar. At least she hadn't belted the baby. ‘Thank you so much,' she said. ‘Was she right in the road?' Say she wasn't, her eyes begged. At least say she was walking along the shoulder. ‘Well ‘ ‘I walked on the line,' the girl said, pointing. ‘It's like the cross-mock.' Her voice took on a faintly righteous tone. ‘Crossmock is safe.' Mattie's cheeks, already white, turned whiter. I didn't like seeing her that way, and didn't like to think of her driving home that way, especially with a kid. ‘Where do you live, Mrs. ?' ‘Devore,' she said. ‘I'm Mattie Devore.' She shifted the child and put out her hand. I shook it. The morning was warm, and it was going to be hot by mid-afternoon beach weather for sure but the fingers I touched were icy. ‘We live just there.' She pointed to the intersection the Scout had shot out of, and I could see surprise, surprise a doublewide trailer set off in a grove of pines about two hundred feet up the little feeder road. Wasp Hill Road, I recalled. It ran about half a mile from Route 68 to the water what was known as the Middle Bay. Ah yes, doc, it's all coming back to me now. I'm once more riding the Dark Score range. Saving little kids is my specialty. Still, I was relieved to see that she lived close by less than a quarter of a mile from the place where our respective vehicles were parked with their tails almost touching and when I thought about it, it stood to reason. A child as young as the bathing beauty couldn't have walked far . . . although this one had already demonstrated a fair degree of determination. I thought Mother's haggard look was even more suggestive of the daughter's will. I was glad I was too old to be one of her future boyfriends; she would have them jumping through hoops all through high school and college. Hoops of fire, likely. Well, the high-school part, anyway. Girls from the doublewide side of town did not, as a general rule, go to college unless there was a juco or a voke-tech handy. And she would only have them jumping until the right boy (or more likely the wrong one) came sweeping around the Great Curve of Life and ran her down in the highway, her all the while unaware that the white line and the crossmock were two different things. Then the whole cycle would repeat itself. Christ almighty, Noonan, quit it, I told myself. She's three years old and you've already got her with three kids of her own, two with ringworm and one retarded. ‘Thank you so much,' Mattie repeated. ‘That's okay,' I said, and snubbed the little girl's nose. Although her cheeks were still wet with tears, she grinned at me sunnily enough in response. ‘This is a very verbal little girl.' ‘Very verbal, and very willful.' Now Mattie did give her child a little shake, but the kid showed no fear, no sign that shaking or hitting was the order of most days. On the contrary, her smile widened. Her mother smiled back. And yes once you got past the slopped-together look of her, she was most extraordinarily pretty. Put her in a tennis dress at the Castle Rock Country Club (where she'd likely never go in her life, except maybe as a maid or a waitress), and she would maybe be more than pretty. A young Grace Kelly, perhaps. Then she looked back at me, her eyes very wide and grave. ‘Mr. Noonan, I'm not a bad mother,' she said. I felt a start at my name coming from her mouth, but it was only momentary. She was the right age, after all, and my books were probably better for her than spending her afternoons in front of General Hospital and One Life to Live. A little, anyway. ‘We had an argument about when we were going to the beach. I wanted to hang out the clothes, have lunch, and go this afternoon. Kyra wanted ‘ She broke off. ‘What? What did I say?' ‘Her name is Kia? Did ‘ Before I could say anything else, the most extraordinary thing happened: my mouth was full of water. So full I felt a moment's panic, like someone who is swimming in the ocean and swallows a wave-wash. Only this wasn't a salt taste; it was cold and fresh, with a faint metal tang like blood. I turned my head aside and spat. I expected a gush of liquid to pour out of my mouth the sort of gush you sometimes get when commencing artificial respiration on a near-drowning victim. What came out instead was what usually comes out when you spit on a hot day: a little white pellet. And that sensation was gone even before the little white pellet struck the dirt of the shoulder. In an instant, as if it had never been there. ‘That man spirted,' the girl said matter-of-factly. ‘Sorry,' I said. I was also bewildered. What in God's name had that been about? ‘I guess I had a little delayed reaction.' Mattie looked concerned, as though I were eighty instead of forty. I thought that maybe to a girl her age, forty is eighty. ‘Do you want to come up to the house? I'll give you a glass of water.' ‘No, I'm fine now.' ‘All right. Mr. Noonan . . . all I mean is that nothing like this has ever happened to me before. I was hanging sheets . . . she was inside watching a Mighty Mouse cartoon on the VCR . . . then, when I went in to get more pins . . . ‘ She looked at the girl, who was no longer smiling. It was starting to get through to her now. Her eyes were big, and ready to fill with tears. ‘She was gone. I thought for a minute I'd die of fear.' Now the kid's mouth began to tremble, and her eyes filled up right on schedule. She began to weep. Mattie stroked her hair, soothing the small head until it lay against the Kmart smock top. ‘That's all right, Ki,' she said. ‘It turned out okay this time, but you can't go out in the road. It's dangerous. Little things get run over in the road, and you're a little thing. The most precious little thing in the world.' She cried harder. It was the exhausted sound of a child who needed a nap before any more adventures, to the beach or anywhere else. ‘Kia bad, Kia bad,' she sobbed against her mother's neck. ‘No, honey, only three,' Mattie said, and if I had harbored any further thoughts about her being a bad mother, they melted away then. Or perhaps they'd already gone after all, the kid was round, comely, well-kept, and unbruised. On one level, those things registered. On another I was trying to cope with the strange thing that had just happened, and the equally strange thing I thought I was hearing that the little girl I had carried off the white line had the name we had planned to give our child, if our child turned out to be a girl. ‘Kia,' I said. Marvelled, really. As if my touch might break her, I tentatively stroked the back of her head. Her hair was sun-warm and fine. ‘No,' Mattie said. ‘That's the best she can say it now. Kyra, not Kia. It's from the Greek. It means ladylike.' She shifted, a little self-conscious. ‘I picked it out of a baby-name book. While I was pregnant, I kind of went Oprah. Better than going postal, I guess.' ‘It's a lovely name,' I said. ‘And I don't think you're a bad mom.' What went through my mind right then was a story Frank Arlen had told over a meal at Christmas it had been about Petie, the youngest brother, and Frank had had the whole table in stitches. Even Petie, who claimed not to remember a bit of the incident, laughed until tears streamed down his cheeks. One Easter, Frank said, when Petie was about five, their folks had gotten them up for an Easter-egg hunt. The two parents had hidden over a hundred colored hard-boiled eggs around the house the evening before, after getting the kids over to their grandparents'. A high old Easter morning was had by all, at least until Johanna looked up from the patio, where she was counting her share of the spoils, and shrieked. There was Petie, crawling gaily around on the second-floor overhang at the back of the house, not six feet from the drop to the concrete patio. Mr. Arlen had rescued Petie while the rest of the family stood below, holding hands, frozen with horror and fascination. Mrs. Arlen had repeated the Hail Mary over and over (‘so fast she sounded like one of the Chipmunks on that old ‘Witch Doctor' record,' Frank had said, laughing harder than ever) until her husband had disappeared back into the open bedroom window with Petie in his arms. Then she had swooned to the pavement, breaking her nose. When asked for an explanation, Petie had told them he'd wanted to check the rain-gutter for eggs. I suppose every family has at least one story like that; the survival of the world's Peties and Kyras is a convincing argument in the minds of parents, anyway for the existence of God. ‘I was so scared,' Mattie said, now looking fourteen again. Fifteen at most. ‘But it's over,' I said. ‘And Kyra's not going to go walking in the road anymore. Are you, Kyra?' She shook her head against her mother's shoulder without raising it. I had an idea she'd probably be asleep before Mattie got her back to the good old doublewide. ‘You don't know how bizarre this is for me,' Mattie said. ‘One of my favorite writers comes out of nowhere and saves my kid. I knew you had a place on the TR, that big old log house everyone calls Sara Laughs, but folks say you don't come here anymore since your wife died.' ‘For a long time I didn't,' I said. ‘If Sara was a marriage instead of a house, you'd call this a trial reconciliation.' She smiled fleetingly, then looked grave again. ‘I want to ask you for something. A favor.' ‘Ask away.' ‘Don't talk about this. It's not a good time for Ki and me.' ‘Why not?' She bit her lip and seemed to consider answering the question -one I might not have asked, given an extra moment to consider and then shook her head. ‘It's just not. And I'd be so grateful if you didn't talk about what just happened in town. More grateful than you'll ever know.' ‘No problem.' ‘You mean it?' ‘Sure. I'm basically a summer person who hasn't been around for awhile . . . which means I don't have many folks to talk to, anyway.' There was Bill Dean, of course, but I could keep quiet around him. Not that he wouldn't know. If this little lady thought the locals weren't going to find out about her daughter's attempt to get to the beach by shank's mare, she was fooling herself. ‘I think we've been noticed already, though. Take a look up at Brooksie's Garage. Peek, don't stare.' She did, and sighed. Two old men were standing on the tarmac where there had been gas pumps once upon a time. One was very likely Brooksie himself; I thought I could see the remnants of the flyaway red hair which had always made him look like a downeast version of Bozo the Clown. The other, old enough to make Brooksie look like a wee slip of a lad, was leaning on a gold-headed cane in a way that was queerly vulpine. ‘I can't do anything about them,' she said, sounding depressed. ‘Nobody can do anything about them. I guess I should count myself lucky it's a holiday and there's only two of them.' ‘Besides,' I added, ‘they probably didn't see much.' Which ignored two things: first, that half a dozen cars and pick-em-ups had gone by while we had been standing here, and second, that whatever Brooksie and his elderly friend hadn't seen, they would be more than happy to make up. On Mattie's shoulder, Kyra gave a ladylike snore. Mattie glanced at her and gave her a smile full of rue and love. ‘I'm sorry we had to meet under circumstances that make me look like such a dope, because I really am a big fan. They say at the bookstore in Castle Rock that you've got a new one coming out this summer.' I nodded. ‘It's called Helen's Promise.' She grinned. ‘Good title.' ‘Thanks. You better get your buddy back home before she breaks your arm.' ‘Yeah.' There are people in this world who have a knack for asking embarrassing, awkward questions without meaning to it's like a talent for walking into doors. I am one of that tribe, and as I walked with her toward the passenger side of the Scout, I found a good one. And yet it was hard to blame myself too enthusiastically. I had seen the wedding ring on her hand, after all. ‘Will you tell your husband?' Her smile stayed on, but it paled somehow. And tightened. If it were possible to delete a spoken question the way you can delete a line of type when you're writing a story, I would have done it. ‘He died last August.' ‘Mattie, I'm sorry. Open mouth, insert foot.' ‘You couldn't know. A girl my age isn't even supposed to be married, is she? And if she is, her husband's supposed to be in the army, or something.' There was a pink baby-seat also Kmart, I guessed on the passenger side of the Scout. Mattie tried to boost Kyra in, but I could see she was struggling. I stepped forward to help her, and for just a moment, as I reached past her to grab a plump leg, the back of my hand brushed her breast. She couldn't step back unless she wanted to risk Kyra's slithering out of the seat and onto the floor, but I could feel her recording the touch. My husband's dead, not a threat, so the big-deal writer thinks it's okay to cop a little feel on a hot summer morning. And what can I say? Mr. Big Deal came along and hauled my kid out of the road, maybe saved her life. No, Mattie, I may be forty going on a hundred, but I was not copping a feel. Except I couldn't say that; it would only make things worse. I felt my cheeks flush a little. ‘How old are you?' I asked, when we had the baby squared away and were back at a safe distance. She gave me a look. Tired or not, she had it together again. ‘Old enough to know the situation I'm in.' She held out her hand. ‘Thanks again, Mr. Noonan. God sent you along at the right time.' ‘Nah, God just told me I needed a hamburger at the Village Cafe,' I said. ‘Or maybe it was His opposite number. Please say Buddy's still doing business at the same old stand.' She smiled. It warmed her face back up again, and I was happy to see it. ‘He'll still be there when Ki's kids are old enough to try buying beer with fake IDS. Unless someone wanders in off the road and asks for something like shrimp tetrazzini. If that happened he'd probably drop dead of a heart attack.' ‘Yeah. Well, when I get copies of the new book, I'll drop one off.' The smile continued to hang in there, but now it shaded toward caution. ‘You don't need to do that, Mr. Noonan.' ‘No, but I will. My agent gets me fifty comps. I find that as I get older, they go further.' Perhaps she heard more in my voice than I had meant to put there people do sometimes, I guess. ‘All right. I'll look forward to it.' I took another look at the baby, sleeping in that queerly casual way they have her head tilted over on her shoulder, her lovely little lips pursed and blowing a bubble. Their skin is what kills me so fine and perfect there seem to be no pores at all. Her Sox hat was askew. Mattie watched me reach in and readjust it so the visor's shade fell across her closed eyes. ‘Kyra,' I said. Mattie nodded. ‘Ladylike.' ‘Kia is an African name,' I said. ‘It means ‘season's beginning.† I left her then, giving her a little wave as I headed back to the driver's side of the Chevy. I could feel her curious eyes on me, and I had the oddest feeling that I was going to cry. That feeling stayed with me long after the two of them were out of sight; was still with me when I got to the Village Cafe. I pulled into the dirt parking lot to the left of the off-brand gas pumps and just sat there for a little while, thinking about Jo and about a home pregnancy-testing kit which had cost twenty-two-fifty. A little secret she'd wanted to keep until she was absolutely sure. That must have been it; what else could it have been? ‘Kia,' I said. ‘Season's beginning.' But that made me feel like crying again, so I got out of the car and slammed the door hard behind me, as if I could keep the sadness inside that way.